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Thursday, December 22, 2011

Seasons Greetings and Happy New Year From International Trade Law News + Letter to Santa Regarding Possible Compliance Violations

Posted on 7:56 PM by Unknown
Season's Greetings and Happy New Year to all of our loyal readers and clients around the world. See you in 2012. 

In the spirit of the holiday season we have reprinted below a letter to Santa regarding a number of alleged violations of import, export and other laws and regulations. 

—Doug Jacobson 

Letter to Mr. Claus from Scrooge McGrinch
 
By Dennis Salvey, Manager of Trade Compliance, VT iDirect Inc., Herndon VA. (reprinted with permission) 

Dear Mr. Claus:

We regret to inform you that your annual distribution of toys and gifts will not be permitted to proceed this year due to multiple Trade Compliance violations. Each of the below listed “alleged” violations are under review and until each is resolved, your enterprise is suspended from its normal course of business.

1.To begin with: the Office of Export Enforcement (OEE) has opened an investigation regarding the potentially illegal exports of toys and  gifts from the U.S. without the proper export licenses, customs declarations or documentation. The Export Administration Regulations (EAR) clearly defines an export as being the movement of goods, services, toys, gifts or technology from the U.S. to any other country by any means including reindeer powered sleds. There is no exception for Magic as your voluntary disclosure alludes to.

2.OEE is also considering placing 2 of your cohorts on the Denied Parties List. Donner and Blitzen are suspected of diverting toys and gifts into embargoed countries for the nefarious purpose of bringing joy to the world. Vixen may also be named as an accomplice. Dancer, Prancer and Comet’s alibi of being contestants on Dancing with the Stars during the time of the alleged incident is holding up for now. Incidentally, Interpol has some questions for you concerning 2 of your known alias’ Father Christmas and Kris Kringle.

3.   Incorrect application of Incoterm DDP (Delivery Duty Paid) has resulted in millions of gifts held by Customs agencies around the world as you are not a registered importer in any country in which you do business.  Although all of your customers (recipients) wanted to receive those gifts, not one of them was willing to act as the Importer of Record. The exception was little Billy Johnson of Des Moines Iowa who attempted bribing a customs official with a box of candy canes and now faces 5 years hard labor in Santa’s workshop on an FCPA charge. The total fines for storage by the respective Customs agencies are in the gazillions of dollars and must be paid before the gifts can be returned to the North Pole at your expense. Be advised that when paying fines in the currency of board games, only Monopoly and the Christmas Game currencies are acceptable.

4.   The Air Waybill’s used on your last 400 delivery episodes issued by “Fairy Land Airlines” is very questionable. It turns out that the dimensional weight versus the actual weight is impossible to calculate. In addition, the North Pole is not recognized as a valid Country of Origin.

5.   Speaking of Country of Origin, you claim that all of the material used in the making of every gift as well as all of the labor is a direct product of the North Pole. The World Customs Organization cannot verify that the materials needed to make all of these gifts could conceivably come from the North Pole. The criteria of “Grown, Produced or Manufactured in a specific country” used to determine origin is an absolute, international law does not recognize “Magic” as part of these criteria. They are also looking into unfair labor practices brought before the world court, by a group known as the International Little Brotherhood of Elves.

6.   There have been multiple complaints from parents around the world reporting high levels of lead and mercury in some toys and baby furniture prompting this panel to believe that these items are indeed made in China, not in the North Pole as you attest.

7.   The Cost of Goods value you have reported on these items is too low to have been manufactured in any other country but China. Your financial records will be subpoenaed unless you can otherwise validate the low value claim before your next distribution season. If North Pole currency, The Saint Nickel, was used in your valuation methodology, be prepared to show its value against the U.S. dollar, the Euro and the Yen at the time the determination was made as North Pole currency is not listed by any of the world’s financial markets. Example; 1 St Nickel = $1.19 USD

8.   The TSA has declared you as an “unknown shipper.”

9.    We are astonished at the number of paternity suits filing in from all over the world. These suits all start the same way; “I saw Mommy kissing Santa Clause underneath the mistletoe last night.” World courts will act with discretion in determining the validity of these claims; BUT we cannot guarantee that Mrs. Clause will not become aware of them at some point. The makers of Viagra seek your advice.

10. Immigration in all countries will deny you access because your passport expired December 24, 1611. The U.S. will require an I-129 for your brief employment within U.S. borders each year certifying that you do not require an export license for “Deemed Exports.”

11. The EPA and equivalent agencies around the world are investigating complaints of excessive reindeer emissions (droppings). The fact that some farmers welcome this will not be considered a mitigating factor when and if the case goes to court.

12. Your “naughty / nice” list has raised more than a few eyebrows. Servicing those on the nice list while refusing to do business with those on the naughty list is a direct violation of the U.S. Antiboycott rules as well as violating the discrimination laws in countries in which you do business. The Justice Department’s of the U.S., Argentina, Brazil, Hungary, Ethiopia, the entire European Union and the North and South Pole are looking into this.

13. Investigations into privacy laws have also been opened concerning the allegation that; “you see them when their sleeping and know when their awake”. However, all of these investigations will be dropped if you surrender the Intellectual Property rights to these methods to the CIA, FBI, Mussed, M5, and the KGB.

14. Finally; the red blinking light on Rudolf’s nose interferes with air traffic control and UFO sightings. The FCC, the FAA and the History Channel are investigating. You and Rudolf will be summoned to Roswell for a hearing on this issue. My advice; do not arrive at these hearings in the company sled.

Until each of the above issues is resolved you are hereby ordered to cease and desist your annual distribution or holiday cheer-spreading as you refer to it.

As an aside (not a Trade Compliance issue) the World Health Organization will be rescinding your status as a role model due to your weight and poor diet of milk and cookies at every house. This is not the type of example they expect from a person that children look up to. You will also receive a nasty note from Michelle Obama on the subject.

Respectfully,

Scrooge McGrinch

Bah Humbug Division BIS (Big Important Stuff)

Enclosure:

My Christmas list

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Tuesday, December 20, 2011

Wassenaar Arrangement Issues Best Practice Guidelines on Internal Compliance Programs for Dual-Use Goods and Technologies

Posted on 9:44 PM by Unknown
During the recent Plenary meeting of the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies (WA) held in Vienna, Austria, the Participating States of the WA adopted a document encouraging exporters, including companies and academic institutions, located in WA Participating States to develop and implement export-related Internal Compliance Programs (ICPs).

The document, entitled "Best Practices Guidelines on Internal Compliance Programmes for Dual-Use Goods and Technologies" (a copy of which is provided below) states that WA Participating states should consider:
  • providing exporters with opportunities to consult on the form and content of their export ICPs;
  • encouraging exporters to to submit their draft ICPs for examination and comment;
  • implementing measures and stimuli that would encourage exporters to introduce ICPs (e.g., taking the development and implementation of an ICP into account when considering applications for licenses and revoking existing licenses, or making an ICP a condition for the granting of a general license for an exporter.);
  • taking steps to assess an exporter’s compliance with domestic export control laws and regulations, as appropriate, which may involve face-to-face consultations and/or inspection visits. 
The document also contains a number of basic and additional elements that may be included in an export ECP, depending on the organizations' structure, size and other circumstances.  The WA's Best Practices Guidelines state that the basic elements of an export internal compliance program for dual-use items include:
  1. Commitment to Compliance
  2. Structure and Responsibility
  3. Export Screening Procedures
  4. Shipment Control
  5. Performance Review
  6. Training
  7. Record Keeping
  8. Reporting and Corrective Action
Many countries encourage exporters to adopt export-related internal compliance programs. For example, the U.S. Department of Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security has recommended that U.S. exporters implement an Export Management and Compliance Program and has issued detailed guidelines.  Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has been encouraging companies to establish export ICPs since 1987 and since 2003 has published on its website the names of companies that have voluntarily established ICPs, conducted self-audits, and registered with METI.

However, the WA's adoption of the Best Practices Guidelines on export internal compliance programs is significant given the number of countries that participate in the WA and the range of countries that are currently seeking membership (e.g., Mexico and India). The issuance of the WA Best Practices Guidelines will likely lead to the increased issuance and use of ICPs by exporters, particularly if governments provide meaningful benefits to exporters that voluntarily adopt and implement such programs.

While the WA's "Elements of Internal Compliance Programmes For Dual-Use Items" is a useful framework for export compliance programs, the elements do not contain a great amount of detail. Exporters should supplement the WA guidelines by reviewing export and other compliance-related materials issued by governments and non-government organizations when creating their ICPs. For example, the Nunn-Wolfowitz's Task Force Report on Export Compliance Programs (pdf), while more than 10 years old, still serves as a useful resource with respect to best practices in export compliance programs. In addition, the detailed export compliance best practices that were recently issued by the Coalition for Excellence in Export Compliance (CEEC) provide specific and practical information with respect to the various elements of export internal compliance programs.
WA 2011- Internal Compliance Programmes
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Posted in Export Controls | No comments

Sunday, December 18, 2011

U.S. Export Control Reform News and Upcoming Deadlines for Public Comments

Posted on 6:22 PM by Unknown
Resumption of Weekly Wednesday Export Control Reform Update Conference Calls and Addition of Conference Call on Monday, December 19th

BIS Assistant Secretary Kevin Wolf will resume his weekly teleconferences on Wednesdays at 2:00 pm EST to answer questions about the Department of Commerce’s proposed rules regarding the Administration’s Export Control Reform (ECR) Initiative. These calls are intended to foster public understanding of ECR and to assist the public in submitting informed comments to the proposed regulations that are pending (see below). The dial-in number for the conference calls is 1-877-389-6079, Participant Code: 905168. Advance written questions are encouraged and should be sent to oesdseminar@bis.doc.gov with a subject line of “Teleconference questions.”

Because of the overwhelming response to last Wednesday's call, a number of people were not able to join the call. BIS has now added the ability to allow more participants to join the calls.

In addition, an additional call with Assistant Secretary Wolf has been scheduled for Monday, December 19 from 3:30 to 4:30 pm EST (using same number as above).

Deadline for Comments on Moving Aircraft and Related Items from USML Category VIIII to CCL is December 22, 2011

The Directorate of Defense Trade Controls' (DDTC) proposed rule issued on November 7, 2011 would amend the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) to revise U.S. Munitions List (USML) Category VIII (aircraft and related parts) to describe more precisely the military aircraft and related defense articles warranting control on the USML and under the ITAR.

The BIS proposed rule also published on November 7, 2011 describes how aircraft and parts determined no longer to be subject to USML Category VIII would be controlled under the Commerce Control List (CCL) in new Export Control Classification Numbers (ECCNs) 9A610, 9B610, 9C610, 9D610, and 9E610. This proposed rule also would control military aircraft and related items now controlled under ECCNs 9A018, 9D018 and 9E018 under new ECCNs 9A610, 9D610 and 9E610. This proposed rule also addresses license exception STA availability for items controlled by the five new ECCNs that would be created.

Comments on these proposed rules are due on December 22, 2011 and should be submitted by email or via www.regulations.gov. See the text of each proposed rule for the applicable reference number (RIN).

Deadline for Comments on Proposed Changes to Export Administration Regulations is February 1, 2012

In addition to considering how to modify the CCL to control items moved from the USML, on August 5, 211, BIS issued a Notice of Inquiry in the Federal Register requesting public comments on how the EAR, Chemical Weapons Convention Regulations, Additional Protocol Regulations, and National Defense Industrial Base Regulations can be clarified or streamlined to be more effective or less burdensome. This is being done as part of President Obama's January 2011 Executive Order directing government agencies to review and improve regulations. BIS regulation review will focus on issues outside the context of Export Control Reform and extends to the entire EAR, including license exceptions and documentation requirements. Any changes from this review that do away with unnecessary complexity will reduce exporters' licensing and compliance burdens and go beyond the significant reductions expected from the Export Control Reform Initiative.

BIS is seeking comments on the following topics:
  • Identifying unnecessary compliance burden caused by regulations that are unduly complex, outmoded, inconsistent, or overlapping;
  • Specific comments on ways to improve the existing regulations or eliminating outmoded ones;
  • Aspects of the regulations the public considers effective or well designed;
  • Information on foreign countries’ implementation of export controls.

Comments can submitted until February 1, 2012 to BIS by email or via www.regulations.gov. The regulations.gov ID for this Notice of Inquiry is: BIS–2011–0027.


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Posted in Export Controls, ITAR | No comments

BIS Adds Two Parties in UAE to Entity List For Diverting Internet Proxy Devices to Syria

Posted on 10:11 AM by Unknown
The U.S. Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) published a final rule in the Federal Register on Friday, December 16, 2011, adding the following individual and company in United Arab Emirates to the BIS Entity List. 
  • Infotec, a.k.a., Info Tech, Ras Al Khaimah Free Trade Zone, U.A.E.
  • Waseem Jawad, Ras Al Khaimah Free Zone, U.A.E.; P.O. Box: 25123, Dubai U.A.E.
The BIS Entity List includes the names of businesses, research institutions, government organizations and individuals that have been identified as being involved in activities that merit additional scrutiny and licensing requirements. The entries on the Entity List specify the license requirements and license review policy that are applicable to shipments to each listed entity and in many cases the listed entities are prohibited from receiving items subject to U.S. jurisdiction.

In this case, the entries on the Entity List for Infotec and Mr. Jawad specify a license requirement for "all items subject to the EAR" and the license review policy is "presumption of denial."

BIS stated that the two parties in the U.A.E. are being added to the Entity List based on evidence that they purchased U.S.-origin internet filtering devices and transshipped the devices to Syria. Specifically, BIS’s Office of Export Enforcement allegedly obtained evidence that Mr. Jawad, using the company name Infotec, ordered multiple Blue Coat SG9000-20 Proxy devices in December 2010 from a Blue Coat authorized distributor in the U.A.E. That authorized distributor in turn placed an order for the devices with Blue Coat in the U.S. A December 2010 email notification identified the end-user of the Blue Coat products for this order as the Ministry of Communication in Baghdad, Iraq. In February 2011, the devices were shipped from the U.s. to the United Arab Emirates, and ownership was transferred to Mr. Jawad in the Ras Al Khaimah Free Trade Zone in the U.A.E. Approximately three days later, the devices departed the U.A.E. for delivery to Syria. According to BIS, several of the proxy devices were identified by serial number as devices being used by the Syrian Telecommunications Establishment in Damascus, Syria.

BIS's December 16, 2011 final rule also removed the following four entities from Entity List based on the results of the annual review of the Entity List:

Singapore:

(1) Strive Components, Block 10 Toa Payoh Industrial Park Lor 8 #01–1221, Singapore, 319062; and
(2) Synoptics Imaging Systems Pte Ltd., 12 Lor Bakar Batu #06–09, Singapore, 348745.

Taiwan:

(1) Christine Sun, 7th Floor, Number 17, Zhonghua Rd., Sec 2, Xinzhuang City, Taipei, Taiwan; and
(2) In-Tech Company, a.k.a., In-Tech Telecom, Number 15, Lane 347, Jhongjheng Road, Sinjihuang City, Taipei, Taiwan, and 7th Floor, Number 17, Zhonghua Rd., Sec 2, Xinzhuang City, Taipei, Taiwan.

The removal of the four entities from the Entity List eliminates the existing BIS license requirements for exports, reexports and in-country transfers to the four entities. However, the removal of these four entities from the Entity List does not relieve persons of other obligations under part 744 of the EAR or under other parts of the EAR.
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Posted in BIS, Sanctions; Syria, UAE | No comments

OFAC Issues General License Unblocking Most Remaining Blocked Libyan Government Property

Posted on 8:46 AM by Unknown


Following Friday's decision by the United Nations Security Council to lift the sanctions on Libya's Central Bank, the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) on Friday evening issued Libya GeneralLicense No. 11 (GL 11) unblocking all remaining blocked property and interests in property of the Government of Libya (including agencies, instrumentalities, and controlled entities) and the Central Bank of Libya, including the Libyan Arab Foreign Bank.

The only exception to OFAC's GL 11 is that all funds (including cash, securities, bank accounts, and investment accounts, and precious metals) of the Libyan Investment Authority (“LIA”) and entities owned or controlled by the LIA (including the Libyan Africa Investment Portfolio) remain blocked. 


While OFAC removed the LIA and Libyan Africa Investment Portfolio from the SDN List on November 18, 2011, OFAC did not unblock their assets because those entities still remain subject to United Nations sanctions. 

According to OFAC, GL 11 should lead to the unblocking of more than $30 billion in assets of the Government of Libya.  

Most Libyan Government funds and assets have now been unblocked by OFAC and few restrictions remain from the sanctions imposed by the U.S. on February 25, 2011. However, the assets of certain members of the previous Libyan regime and other persons added by OFAC to the SDN List under OFAC's Libya 2 sanctions program remain blocked. An updated list of the remaining Libya parties and entities that remain subject to the United Nations travel ban and assets freeze is provided below. 

Exports and reexports to Libya of U.S. origin products, software and technology are subject to the export controls administered by the Bureau of Industry and Security.


UN LIST OF LIBYA INDIVIDUALS AND ENTITIES (Dec. 16, 2011)
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Posted in Libya, OFAC | No comments

Coalition for Excellence in Compliance Releases Restricted Party Screening and Other Export Compliance Best Practices

Posted on 8:06 AM by Unknown
The Coalition for Excellence in Export Compliance (CEEC) (pronounced “seek”), a voluntary group of experienced export compliance professionals from leading companies, law firms, research organizations and consulting firms, recently released a series of detailed and practical standards containing best practices on a wide range of important topics for export and sanctions compliance programs. 

CEEC's mission is to provide a uniform set of best practices that companies and trade compliance professionals could use to provide clarity over the existing patchwork of official and unofficial guidance regarding export and sanctions compliance requirements and programs. The best practices are not tied to any particular country’s laws or requirements and are intended to be applicable worldwide. 

To date, CEEC has issued best practices covering a wide range of topics, including: screening, training, classification, personnel, management commitment, license determinations and use, and intangible exports. Additional compliance-related best practices topics will be issued by CEEC in the near future.

CEEC’s best practices on Restricted Party Screening (pdf) contains valuable guidance on restricted party screening programs and ways to implement screening programs. For example, CEEC’s restricted party screening best practices provides recommendations on the types of parties to be screened, how and when screening should be conducted, the structure of restricted party screening programs, the lists to check and how matches and potential matches to restricted party lists should be handled.

With respect to the types of parties to be screened, CEEC’s screening best practices note that both domestic and international transactions should be screened, since certain restrictions may apply to domestic transactions, domestic transactions may be part of an international transaction, and reputational concerns may exist. The screening best practices provide a detailed list of the types of parties that should be screened (to the extent applicable), including customers, suppliers, freight forwarders, banks, agents, ship to parties, etc.

CEEC’s screening best practices indicate that a “software tool should be used for screening” and that it should “employ a “fuzzy logic” algorithm to identify close as well as identical matches.” Of course, because restricted party list changes are often effective immediately, the “the automated screening tool must promptly update all applicable watch lists as these lists are changed and updated by issuing authorities.”

As for the structure of a restricted party screening program, CEEC’s screening best practices recommend that the screening process should be documented, and it could be “advantageous to centralize the screening program” in order to “minimize duplicative work and promote uniformity.”

Regarding the lists to check, CEEC advises that a “risk analysis should be done to determine which lists (by country, type, etc.) are needed for the organization to use for screening.” For example, it “may be appropriate to use different lists for different businesses, different categories of transactions, or different geographic locations.”

CEEC’s screening best practices provides specific information and guidance on the frequency of screening and at what point in the screening process screening should be done. For example, the best practices recommend that new business partners should be screened prior to the first transaction or other business dealing and that organizations “should consider implementing procedures to screen at the time the business partner is entered into the organization’s database, when background or credit checks are run, when quotes or proposals are requested, or at some other time, as appropriate.” The best practices indicate that “the intervals in between database screenings should be measured and limited in order to mitigate the risk of doing business with a restricted/prohibited/denied party.”

Finally, with respect to screening matches and potential matches, CEEC’s best practices state that an organizations’ restricted party screening process “must allow for a transaction to be halted unless and until any screening matches are cleared. To minimize business disruption, potential matches should be cleared as promptly as possible and the determination “should be documented.” When an actual match to a restricted party list occurs, the CEEC best practices advise that “depending upon the nature of the list, the legal applicability in the jurisdiction, and an evaluation of reputational concerns, the process must allow for determination by an authorized person whether the transaction may proceed . . . and this decision should be documented.”
CEEC members encourage comments and suggestions for improving the best practices and CEEC’s website contains a contact page for the submission of comments on their efforts to date.
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Posted in best practices, CEEC, Export Controls, Sanctions | No comments

Thursday, December 8, 2011

OFAC Makes Significant Changes to Remaining U.S. Sanctions on South Sudan

Posted on 8:50 PM by Unknown
Today OFAC issued a final rule (PDF) that made significant changes to the Sudanese Sanctions Regulations as they relate to transactions with the newly independent country of the Republic of South Sudan (“South Sudan”), including South Sudan’s oil and gas sector.

The changes made in the final rule are effective immediately. 

While OFAC lifted most sanctions on South Sudan after the country became independent in July of this year, OFAC still prohibited transactions that involved Northern Sudan’s oil and gas sector and the transshipment of items to or from South Sudan via North Sudan (since South Sudan is land-locked, South Sudan relies on Port Sudan, which is located in the North).

The change issued today with the broadest impact is a new general license contained in new section 538.536 of the Sudanese Sanctions Regulations that authorizes "all activities and transactions relating to the petroleum and petrochemical industries in" South Sudan that would otherwise be prohibited under the Sudan sanctions because they involve Sudan or Sudanese persons. As a result of this general license, the following activities are now authorized:

• The sale and export of equipment to South Sudan for use in South Sudan’s oil and gas sector;
• the transshipment of goods, technology and services to or from South Sudan through North Sudan;
• a broad range of activities in South Sudan’s oil and gas exploration and production sector, including exploration, development, production and oilfield services;
• downstream activities such as ... sale, and transport of petroleum from South Sudan; and
• financial transactions ordinarily incident to any such activities.

OFAC also issued a general license (section 538.537) that authorizes the “transit or transshipment" of any "goods, technology, and services through Sudan to or from" South Sudan, along with related financial transactions, regardless of whether these transactions involve South Sudan’s petroleum sector.

While the exportation of equipment and other items subject to U.S. jurisdiction may be exported to South Sudan, such items remain subject to the jurisdiction of the dual-use export controls administered by BIS.

All activities and transactions relating to the petroleum and petrochemical industries in Northern Sudan continue to be prohibited, unless otherwise authorized by a specific license.
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Posted in OFAC, Sanctions; Sudan | No comments
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